Cultural impact of Jesus Christ Superstar musical - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1365 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Jesus Christ Superstar musical was produced in 1970 as rock opera with the music being done by Andrew Lloyd Webber while Tim Rice did the lyrics. The musical first made its debut in the year 1971 after it had been in existence as a rock opera concept album. The musical adopted a way of singing without any dialogue. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cultural impact of Jesus Christ Superstar musical" essay for you Create order The entire story in the musical rotates around Jesus Christ during his last days before being crucified. Judas Iscariot is also another notable figure in the musical as he plays the role of identifying Jesus for the soldiers to arrest (Goodacre 25). Not only that Judas betrayed Jesus Christ, he was all the way opposing Him. The musical starts with Judas Iscariot having issues with Jesus Christ over his actions. Part two of the musical talks of the last supper whereby Jesus Christ invited the disciples to share with him for the last time. Part two presents Jesus Christ being arrest and taken in a process of judgment as required by the law. From the musical, several themes can be identified which have had an impact to the culture. Themes of celebrity, betrayal and sacrifice are all clear in Webbers piece of work. Presenting Jesus as hero and a celebrity, He was faced by many challenges in his ministry from the beginning.   The events in the musical have impacted the society as differ ent lessons are learned from the piece of work. Playwrights The musical is a product of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice. The music was done by Andrew Webber while Tim Rice did the lyrics. Webber is an English impresario of music theatre and a composer born in 1948 (Thornton 160). Prior to Jesus Christ Superstar, Webber had already done other musicals. On the other hand, Tim Rice is an English author known for being one of the best lyric writers in the country. Both combined to come up with Jesus Christ Superstar which had a positive response from the masses. Impact of Jesus Christ Superstar musical Through its themes as extended mainly by Jesus Christ and Judas Iscariot, the musical had influenced different cultures both positively and negatively. The main theme in the musical is celebrity as witnessed with Jesus Christ. Jesus had pulled a large crowd of people who kept following Him everywhere sparking fear among the roman rulers. People have been in a position to learn the effects which can be brought by celebrity (Webber 21). When an individual becomes a celebrity, it’s easy to clash with the authorities. This has affected the people negatively as most of them find themselves hating being celebrities. People do believe that Jesus was opposed by the authorities because of his celebrity status. People will find themselves loving the superstar tag as it was attached to Jesus Christ in the musical. Jesus was in a position to know that one of his disciples will betray him and the other one will deny him publicly and finally they came to happen.   Judas clearly understood the consequences of commanding such a big crowd of people and using the name King. He knew very well that it can cause violence or even death to Jesus Christ and the followers including other innocent Jews. From the musical, people learn that popularity comes with a lot of consequences. Commanding and controlling a lot people draws enmity with the leaders as they would like to remain in power without any threats. To them, a celebrity is a threat to their leadership. The musical teaches people on how to choose battles. People don’t have to respond to each and every argument as portrayed by Jesus Christ. As in Deuteronomy 20:4, God is the one who fights for us and therefore no need to worry. The musical also teaches us that it’s okay if an individual cries his hear out as the outcome is joy. From Psalms 126:5, â€Å"Those who sow tears will reap joy† (Webber 23). This is shown in the act of Jesus crying to God to be with him through the whole ordeal. The impact is only to Christian societies as they are all connected with one religion. The way people will act when confronted by discouraging situations has been influenced by the actions of Jesus Christ when faced by a potential crucification. It has helped growing children develop self confident to approach situations without fear. Jesus had surrendered to follow the plans of God. This has influenced the society positively and spiritually. From the musical, people learn about betrayal and what constitutes it as well as how to avoid. The theme of betrayal is also presented in the musical through Judas Iscariot. Being a close friend to Jesus Christ, he later turned to be a traitor and betrayed Him. Judas was one of the twelve disciples and a friend to Jesus despite the few disagreements but later becomes an enemy. No one would have thought one of the twelve disciples will either sell Him to the soldiers or deny him the way peter did. This has influenced the society positively as people learn from it not to trust anyone even close friends. After Jesus is arrested, Judas feels guilty and commits suicide after he discovers that he will have to live in denial the rest of his life. It shows people that actions have consequences and that every person has the mandate of watching his actions. As a result, people have become very keen their actions. It teaches people that they shouldn’t hang around with people who are agai nst you in terms of ideas. People should instead seek those people whom they share opinions with. As in Proverbs 13-20, â€Å"he who walks with the wise is wise† (Webber 12) Jesus should have stayed away from Judas Iscariot after they had conflict of ideas. People do learn that such people add no value to the lives of individual but they can cause a lot of damage. This is showed by the actions of Mary Magdalene and Judas. The two are in two different sides in terms of their affection to Jesus. Judas betrays Jesus but Magdalene sticks with Jesus Christ regardless of the situation. People also learn about sacrifice from various characters in the plot. From Jesus who is the main character, people learn that sacrifice is important especially if it’s for the benefit of the needy. Jesus chooses not to act but instead sacrifice for the people. Although He was in a position to perform miracles and escape from the soldiers, he chooses not to do so (Goodacre 12). All was about sacrifice and save the other people in the world.   The actions of Mary Magdalene also reveal sacrifice. In the first instance, she anoints Jesus with expensive oil. It’s an act of sacrifice for the other person. Magdalene goes on to accompany Jesus from one place to the other which is also a form of sacrifice. The musical also teaches people how to appreciate others. According to Judas, Mary Magdalene was a prostitute who didn’t deserve to be with Jesus Christ. Contrary, Jesus allows her to anoint Him with expensive oil. He accommodates everyone regardless of an individual ’s past. Unlike the positive impact brought by the musical, it also influences the society negatively. It prints a negative image of the leadership of the time. It brings out a picture of a leadership that is all about power regardless the cost. Crucifying Jesus is an indication of fear for their leadership. This in turn makes people look at their leaders negatively (Goodacre 13). People will tend to generalize everything and assume that all the leaders are the same. People will look at their leaders in the society as people who are only interested with power but not the people. People will think that their leaders will do away with anything threatening their leadership. Conclusion Jesus Christ Superstar musical has influenced the society both positively and negatively. The piece of work rotates around the life of Jesus Christ before being crucified. Through the various themes in the musical, people have been in a position to learn from it. Events happening in the piece of work clearly show that celebrity comes with a cost (Goodacre 32).

Physics of the Ear Essay examples - 1528 Words

Physics of the Ear The ear is an extraordinary human organ that many people take for granted until it doesn’t function. It is the only device that allows the human to hear sounds in their environment. The ear is made up of many parts that distinguish various sounds through different means. The ear anatomy and physiology along with how sound waves are transmitted into meaningful sounds will help one understand how hearing loss occurs. The ear is made up of three areas: the outer, middle, and inner ear. The outer ear is very important for collecting sound waves. It is made up of the pinna and the ear canal. The pinna, the actual physical outward appearance of the ear, receives sound waves and begins to funnel them into the ear canal.†¦show more content†¦Basically how sound travels through the ear is a process of many steps. The sound waves are gathered by the pinna and then funneled into the meatus. Those waves then begin to vibrate the tympanic membrane which in turn hits against the malleus. The ossicle bones then vibrate like a chain reaction. The footplate will hit the oval window which triggers the fluid in the cochlea to move. The movement sways across the different hair cells creating impulses that are sent to the brain through the eighth cranial nerve. The interesting question is how waves can become meaningful sounds. First off we must know that sound is a wave. It is impossible for sound to be a particle or atom because if it was a particle the two different sounds would eventually collide and if sound was an atom one sound would deflect another and neither one of these situations ever happens. A characteristic of sound is that different sounds pass through one another, for example, a sound and its echo. Therefore, it is safe to conclude that sound is a form of wave. Sound is molecules vibrating back and forth creating what we call a longitudinal wave. 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Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps Free Essays

Researcher Role The researcher role in this qualitative study was to oversee the data collection process and analysis of the study. The data collection and analysis process consists of gathering and measuring themes of interest in a fashion that answer questions and evaluate outcomes. Participants The population of this study was employees and customers of coffee shops. We will write a custom essay sample on Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps or any similar topic only for you Order Now The participants for this convenience sampled, interview study consisted of employees and customers of local coffee shops located in the Saint Paul, MN. Participants were contacted in person and asked to participate in the study. Overall 15 customers and employees were solicited. Participants were told a brief overview of the purpose of the study and presented a consent form. The consent form contained information relating to the purpose of the study and information ensuring the participant that their identity and confidentiality would not be compromised. Data Collection Technique Before collecting data, the researcher completed the required ethical training by reviewing and understanding the ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Informed Consent A walk up approach method was used to solicit prospective participants for this study. It was stressed that participation was voluntary and confidential. A letter in Appendix A was prepared for interested parties. If prospective participants did not show an interest in the interview, they could Just decline to participate and no further involvement was needed. Instruments The two data collection instruments, one for employees and one for customers, were composed six structured open-ended questions in Appendix B. The questions were designed to capture participant feelings about mobile app technology and its adaptability to coffee shops. Data Collection Data was collected through an in person structured open-ended interview. The researchers were able to interview the participant during the end of the work day by walking up to the prospective participant and asking if they had a couple of minutes to answer a couple of questions. The researcher would then ask the participant six questions and record the participant response. The interview would end with the researcher thanking the participant for their time. Data Analysis Data Analysis Technique The raw data was separated into the two instruments and analyzed by group first. Through the first pass of each questionnaire, the researcher highlighted and noted interesting thoughts from each of the individuals and then determined which comments stuck out more frequently and noticed comments that were unique but very valid points, both for and against the mobile app idea. By doing this, the researcher was able to develop themes and then make an assessment as to if the customer or employee saw potential with the app and if there was going to be a level of demand high enough to support the amount of investment and increase in resources within the coffee shops. Data Analysis – Customers The researcher was able to get 8 customers varying in age and gender to take the 10 to 15 minutes with me to answer the 6 question questionnaire. As expected, the researcher got many similar answers to the questions however; the researcher did collect some very interesting comments that were unique. It was found that of all the customers have heard of this mobile app technology and of those, 75% said that they would use the technology if it were available. The main theme for participants who said yes was because they thought it would be a great way to save time and avoid re typically compulsive and would not want to use a telephone to order in their vehicle. The customers who answered yes agreed that they would use it for all of the items on the menu, especially the food items because those tend to take a little longer. When asked about potential complications all said they could see things going wrong particularly regarding the quality and temperature of the pre-ordered items. A few were concerned about the actual mobile app technology staying current and functional. Another idea was to add a feature to the app to act as a reward punch card. Data Analysis – Employees The employees, on the other hand, had a bit of a different view on the functionality of having a mobile app ordering process. All seven of the employees interviewed shared the knowledge of the technology, but only 14% thought that it would work and the others thought that it only could work or it would be rather challenging to implement successfully. The employees shared the same concerns as the customer about quality and temperature however, this was more of their focus because they have certain standards they have to meet based on their business model. It was also made apparent that the majority of coffee shops business model involves face-to-face contact for suggestive selling and for customers to come in and stay a while. Many of the employees thought that there would have to be a dedicated member working in a distinctly different area of the store with more resources, for example more screens, a new POS system, more counter space and more employees. Some of the thoughts were that mobile app users and regular order in customers should not be forced to be in the same line. This could cause client satisfaction to be decreased. That being said the employees did have many positive things to say about the mobile app. Many thought that there would be more organization behind the counter and it could increase sales and revenue and it could reach a completely new realm of clients. Some thought that this would work great for locations with a drive thru window. Many said that this would be a great opportunity for larger orders for example when people need coffee for more than 5 people at once. The larger coffee canteens take a while to make and get ready for customer pickup especially during busy times. Lastly, to go with that it was said by many that they could see this working much better if there were a limited menu for the app. Limitations/Delimitation’s Limitations in this exploratory research were that when trying to interview employees, there were a couple of times we were rushed or interrupted because of customers. In addition, we were limited to only the population that was in the coffee shop at that time therefore not allowing for a large demographic diversity. Population and Sampling The target population of this study consisted of customers of a coffee shop in the United States. The expected size of the sample was over 25 participants where we didn’t know anything about if they even drank coffee or visited coffee shops. Also we had no idea if they were handy with mobile APS. Data Collection E-mail or a message board requests via Backbone and Linked were used for this study. This method made sure that participants knew this was voluntary and confidential. A letter on the first page of the survey was prepared for interested parties to learn more about the study. If potential participants did not want to partake in the survey, they could disregard the request and no further contribution as needed. Instrument The data collection instrument (Appendix C) was composed mostly of quantitative closed-ended questions. How to cite Coffee Shops and Mobile Apps, Papers

Love As A Theme In A Dolls House Essay Example For Students

Love As A Theme In A Dolls House Essay Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House was certainly not the average play of its day. In fact, its publication induced outrage in many people. But what was it that made this play so controversial? Ibsen dared to openly question the values of the rigid Victorian way of life that dominated Western Europe at the time. In his day, the roles and social functions of individuals were assigned to them. The rules had carefully outlined all the subtleties of how one should act and feel in polite society. The definitions of not only marriage but also love itself were virtually laws. A woman was always subservient to men in every way, and she had a duty to her husband that was higher than the duty to herself. By writing this play about a woman who eventually leaves everything she knows behind her in order to make her own way in the world, he single-handedly undermined the social norms of the period (Madore). Through the course of A Dolls House, Nora learns that she must educate herself in the ways of the world around her. After being the doll child of her father and passed to her husband, she ultimately finds the need to break free of those bonds and be independent. The main theme of the play is the miseducation and subjugation of European middle-class women. However, also present is a prevailing theme of something quite universal that is no less controversial than womens rights in Victorian days: love. The ideal form of love for Ibsens contemporaries is relatively simple. A man is to love his wife, and his wife is to love her husband. It is total and unconditional, and it includes only those two people. It lasts for life. The society accepts nothing less than this ideal in its entertainment. Anything contrary to it is against what the majority believes to be the way things should be. But Ibsens play portrays different situations of love; he does not confine love to existence between man and wife. In this way, Ibsen displays a realistic picture of loveand the absence of lovethat exists regardless of whether or not society wants to acknowledge it. Each character seems to have a different idea of what love is and how high on his or her personal list of values it places. What the characters do for the ones they love and what they never do depends on each ones idea of love. A Dolls House outlines three different relationships: Torvald with Nora, Krogstad with Christine, and Dr. Rank with Nora. It is quite obvious throughout the story that Torvald claims to be madly in love with his wife, Nora. He likes having Nora around and enjoys her company. However, he treats her basically like she is his pet. She is his doll child passed from her fathers hands into his, and for this reason Nora eventually leaves him. Torvald seems to love Nora in the only way he knows how, but still it proves not to be sufficient. That insufficiency is why Nora says that he is not the one to educate her about being a good wife; he does not quite know what it is to be a good husband. In Act III, Torvalds love for Nora is put to the ultimate test. He confides to Nora that he wishes that some danger would come on her so that he would risk everything to save her. Unfortunately, this statement proves to be ironic. Nora does experience danger when Torvald reads the letter, but he is unable to risk everything for her. He says that no man can be expected to lay down his honor for the sake of the one he loves. .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .postImageUrl , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:hover , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:visited , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:active { border:0!important; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:active , .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407 .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueaa640170a9b440cc029489e25f3e407:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Explore the dramatic impact of the tempest scen EssayNora returns, in perhaps one of the most powerful lines of the play, that many women have done the same. This moment is when it becomes crystal clear that Torvald does not really understand what love is in its truest form. However, no one can doubt his love for Nora when he is left alone in his sorrow and bewilderment as Nora finally leaves for good (Rainwater). Although love is indeed powerful, it is not as powerful for some as it is for others. People place love on a hierarchy compared to all other values, and the rank it holds varies from person to person. The relationship of Krogstad and Christine is an example of how love is prioritized on a list of duties. Years before the action of the play takes place, they are very much in love with each other. Their personal situations intervene, though. Krogstad is not making much money at all, and Christine is put into a position where she has to care for her entire family. Christine eventually leaves Krogstad, but not because she does not love him anymore. Krogstad does have the promise of a more lucrative career, but it is only in the future. Christine needs a way to provide for her family immediately. The only way to do that is to marry someone who already has money and has established a name for himself. Through the following years, Christine becomes a widow who is left with nothing. She works long and hard to support herself and her family. Krogstad still remains in love with Christine. Ultimately, they decide to marry in the plays conclusion. Perhaps the most painful kind of love is one that is kept secret. Thus is the tragic case of Dr. Ranks love for Nora. Dr. Rank is a good friend of the Helmer family. He stops by their house practically every night. Over time, he develops feelings for her. He knows fully well that, because she belongs to Torvald, he can never have her even if he tried. He visits the Helmers just so he can see Nora, even if it is just for a second. Love can be a sickness. In the play, Dr. Rank is afflicted with tuberculosis. Within this theme of love, his disease symbolizes the effects that unspoken love can have. Dr. Rank eventually tells his true feelings to Nora when she comes to ask him a favor. Nora cannot believe what she hears when he reveals his secret. She does not love Dr. Rank. She simply does not, and when a person does not love another person that loves him or her back, then that is just the way things are. Yes, this is tragic, and this element of tragedy adds to the play. It is not really clear if Dr. Rank ever fully accepts this, but he knows that he needs to tell her before he dies. It is as if he is putting off death until he reveals himself to Nora. Once he does, he sends the cards announcing his own death ahead of time, and the readers know what will eventually become of him. Love is a powerful force in literature and drama. It is something that is universal, that everyone can understand, or at least everyone tries to understand. Torvalds love for Nora proves to be false as he never knows what it is to truly love. Krogstads love for Christine is pitted against the obstacles of necessity and hardship. Dr. Ranks love for Nora eventually comes to nothing due to circumstance, and the pain of this unspoken and unreciprocated love drives him ever faster to his death. Even in Ibsens short play about the woes of the European middle-class woman, loves proves to be a resounding theme throughout.

Total Libertarianism Ideology Definition

Introduction Total libertarianism is an ideology that makes people give up their dignity and let administrations take full control of their actions and lives. This form of libertarianism deters the citizens from gaining wealth at their own speed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Total Libertarianism Ideology Definition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has further been associated with full government intervention in all dealings that should be done by individuals. Such an approach advocates for zero competition and aggressive search for wealth and recognition. It, therefore, promotes quiet and calm society where every action is governed by the regulations of the state. The moderate libertarianism, on the other hand, advocates for moderate government interference in the dealings and businesses of the individuals and firms. This form of libertarianism promotes people’s engagement in competitive activities. Aggressive search for wealth is allowed under the legal framework of the country through this form of libertarianism. Body The major strength of total libertarianism approach is that it prevents social evils and public wrongs. Civil wrongs are referred as torts while the public wrongs or the wrongs against the state constitute crimes. A crime is punishable by law. Another strong point of the total libertarianism approach is that it recognizes the deficiencies of human beings. It, therefore, requires that human beings are being controlled by some external authority to monitor and govern their relationships and conducts.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The major shortcoming of this approach is that it discourages self reliance and individual autonomy. This kills the self-esteem of the individuals in question. It also creates a miserable society that requires government involvement in o rder to survive. At this point, it is worth noting that a government may be the root cause of crimes and social evils by embracing this libertarianism (Shaw, William and Vincent 501). The major strength of moderate libertarianism, on the other hand, is that it recognizes the importance of self-esteem and self-reliance. This approach recognizes that every individual is anxious to be independent so as to determine his future and destiny. The second strength is that this approach is both realistic and practicable since it eliminates excessive dependence on the government. This eliminates un-called-for bureaucratic procedures that govern business activities within jurisdiction. This approach allows people to work without the inefficient and subjective decisions of the government. The major shortcoming of this approach is that it may, to some extent, encourage crime. This is because, in the absence of the government agencies, people may engage in crime so as to get rich. This approach, i f not well managed, may cause disparities and imbalances in regional development (Shaw, William and Vincent 330). Total libertarianism is not reasonable and is in fact not practicable in the real world. It is an idea that critiques have termed as wishful thinking considering the fact that the average human being seeks to acquire wealth through all means.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Total Libertarianism Ideology Definition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It, therefore, follows that a human being has to be given some form of independence and self-reliance in order to achieve his desired objectives. The moderate approach is more reasonable since not all human beings work at the same pace (Shaw, William and Vincent 456). Conclusion Total libertarianism reflects a socialist economy while the moderate approach reflects an imperialist economy. Socialism in the present times is not reasonable at all. The moderate l ibertarianism approach is effective in ensuring equal distribution of resources. This approach helps individuals achieve fair distribution of resources by discouraging such inefficient systems as monopolies that are exploitative in nature. By discouraging monopolies, the legal framework places all individuals at a flat platform as far as wealth accumulation is concerned. A system that advocates for total government control leaves the duty of distribution of wealth to the subjective and politically modified decisions of the government. Works Cited Shaw, William H, and Vincent E. Barry. Moral Issues in Business. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. This essay on Total Libertarianism Ideology Definition was written and submitted by user Miya Sargent to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Dont Make These 5 Mistakes If You Want a Great College Recommendation Letter

Dont Make These 5 Mistakes If You Want a Great College Recommendation Letter If youre a student getting ready for college, whether youre applying for undergrad or graduate school, and youre in the process of gathering all the documents that the college application requires, youve already learned that youll need a great letter (or letters) of recommendation. While much of creating an effective, convincing letter of recommendation is in how it is worded, there are a few mistakes to avoid (on your end, as a student requesting the letters) if you want to make sure that you have the best possible chance of appearing highly recommended to admissions committees.Mistake 1 - Picking just any teacher to write itIn most situations, college applications will ask for letters of recommendation from specific teachers or from your principal and/or school counselor. If youre given the option to submit letters of recommendation from anyone of your choice, be sure to choose a person with whom youve interacted on multiple occasions, and someone who has been in a position of aut hority (or leadership) rather than simply a peer (like your friend or sibling).Some examples of great recommenders include:Your homeroom teacherTeachers youve had for subjects in which youve excelledChoir or band directorMusic/dance teachersYour pastor or youth leaderThe leader of a nonprofit you volunteer forThe point you want to keep in mind as you choose whom to ask is that it needs to be someone who knows you well and who wants to see you succeed. This usually means someone that youve interacted with on more than one or two occasions, or someone who has known you for many years. Getting a recommendation from a pastor or a spiritual leader who has watched you in various leadership functions within your place of worship would be a far preferable recommendation than one from a teacher who has known you, and the quality of work you produce, for only a few months.One way to make sure you pick the right person is to meet with him or her briefly and ask if he or she has the time to wri te a great letter of recommendation for you. If you sense that he or she is too busy, or if he or she mentions something along the lines of I have so many to write, consider asking someone else, especially if the person you already asked is not the best person to highlight details of your interactions with him or her.Mistake 2 - Being shy if youre told to write it yourselfA common response many teachers or mentors have when asked by a student to write a recommendation letter is, Why dont you just write it yourself and Ill sign it?If your first impulse is to dread this response, dont. Its actually the golden ticket, as far as recommendation letters go. You should be excited and up for the challenge, which is primarily to toot your own horn for a bit.Mistake 3 - Leaving out specific examplesIts one thing to write in a recommendation letter that the recommended person is generous. Its something else entirely to tell of how he brought donuts to the study sessions whenever a person in his study group was celebrating a birthday, and how he was voted most giving for two years in a row in the school-wide vote for superlative categories. These specific examples serve as narrative proof of the qualities of the applicant, and they add a sense of legitimacy to the letter and to the relationship between the recommended and the recommender.When you ask recommenders to write a college recommendation letter for you, ask them if they would also include specific examples of your interaction with them. If they have been writing letters of recommendation for a long time, theyre likely already aware of the importance of adding specific examples when they write it. It never hurts to include this request just to make sure!If the recommender has requested that you write the letter for him or her, be sure to add these specific examples into your writing. If you cant come up with any noteworthy examples, it never hurts to call up (or email) the recommender and ask if there are any sp ecific encounters that come to mind that you can include in the letter of recommendation you are writing in his or her name.Mistake 4 - Having spelling or grammar errorsAny letter, regardless of content, will lose its effectiveness if it contains glaring spelling or grammar mistakes. Professionals are expected to submit written communication with clear, correct usage and syntax, and letters of recommendation to colleges should be considered professional. Sloppy usage and grammatical errors seriously deflect from the message of the letter, and they can turn a glowing recommendation into one that has a negative effect on your chances of being accepted to the college. If you notice a grammar or spelling error on a letter of recommendation that was written for you, dont be embarrassed to point it out and request that the teacher gives you a corrected copy. Think of these letters as a sort of first impression the admissions committee gets of you- do everything possible to make sure they are correct ones!Mistake 5 - Not giving your writer (or yourself) enough time to meet recommendation letter deadlinesThe college application process is a whirlwind of activity and requires paying attention to deadlines to ensure that you meet them. Writing recommendation letters takes up a lot of time, particularly if the writer has been asked by several college applicants he or she knows to write one. Thats why its important to give your recommender as much time as possible to get a letter to you (or to the admissions committee at the school(s) you want to attend). You shouldnt expect to ask for the letter and get it within one day (or even a timeframe of a few days). A week or more is a good deadline to suggest to the person writing your recommendation letter.The most important thing to remember is that in the college rush of application deadlines, giving your teachers or leaders adequate time to write and submit a letter is as much for you as for them. The more time they have t o focus on writing a great letter for you, the better the letter will be. Its as simple as that.Sample letter 1 - Focusing on applicants characterDear Admissions Committee:It is with great pleasure that I write this letter of recommendation for [insert name here]. As a highly intelligent and capable student, she has demonstrated her ability to overcome tough academic and personal challenges and to succeed when others thought she would fail throughout her high school experience.I have worked with [insert name here] in the capacity of both adviser and instructor, and in both cases I have found her to be pleasant, conscientious, and motivated to excel. If something was taught in class that she could not fully grasp, she immediately asked for resources she could access at home in order to understand the topic I was teaching through her own homework.An incident I feel summarizes her character best was when her mother fell ill during her junior year and was unable to take care of [insert student name here] and her sisters fully. Instead of using this situation as an excuse, [insert student name] not only took care of her sisters in the role of a caretaker, but she also worked an afternoon job to help support the family during its financial struggles. I dont know how she managed this while simultaneously keeping up with her homework, but she did, and she didnt ask for any special treatment during the course of these events taking place. All of her teachers were shocked at her level of maturity and responsibility - two traits not usually shared by other 16-year-olds in our student body.I believe that [insert name here] has tremendous potential in her chosen field, and I look forward to seeing what she will accomplish, both during and after her undergraduate studies. If you have any questions or would like further information from me regarding my recommendation of [insert name here], please feel free to contact me at [insert phone number or e-mail address].Sincerely, Your name hereSample letter 2 - Focusing on applicants academic achievementsDear Admissions Committee:It is with great pleasure that I write this letter of recommendation for [insert name here]. As a highly intelligent and capable student, she has demonstrated her ability to overcome tough academic challenges and to succeed when others thought she would fail throughout her high school experience.I have worked with [insert name here] in the capacity of both adviser and instructor, and in both cases I have found her to be pleasant, conscientious, and motivated to excel. I taught her as a math instructor, and if something was taught in class that she could not fully grasp, she immediately asked for resources she could access at home in order to understand the topic I was teaching through her own homework.An incident I feel summarizes her academic achievements best is when she was selected to be on our mathematics team and to compete in the national mathematics competitions that were h eld in New York City this past year in August. The team I took to the competition were all bright kids, but I felt that [insert students name here] showed more potential than most in becoming a success in the STEM field due to her mathematics knowledge. During the competition, she was poised and energetic, and seemed to become a natural leader of the other team members, who looked to her for advice when a problem arose that they were unsure of.I believe that [insert name here] has great potential in STEM, or any mathematics-related field, and I look forward to seeing what she will accomplish, both during and after her undergraduate studies. If you have any questions or would like further information from me regarding my recommendation of [insert name here], please feel free to contact me at [insert phone number or e-mail address].Sincerely,Your name here

Contsrains, Risks, and Ways Mitigating Them Essay

Contsrains, Risks, and Ways Mitigating Them - Essay Example Adoption of the I.T structures will lead to another setback due to the need to train the present employees on ways to handle the new technology. Notably, there will be the loss of time and funds. However, the setback can be relieved by adopting in-shift training sessions that will ensure that employees do not miss their allocated roles. Additionally, the strategy will also reduce the finances incurred in the procedure. Another constraint will include the employee response to the training sessions. Workers have different behavioral perceptions; hence, creating a difference in the rate of adoption of the training sessions. Nevertheless, the hinder can be reduced by having strategic approach styles in the training sessions. Risks include having less output despite inputs in training. Employees may not increase their output even after the training sessions. However, the risk can be mitigated by first employing a positive employee culture and increase the rate of employee satisfaction. Recruiting 50 new graduates for Autokinto. The process may face constraints such as costs in the hiring process due to salaries and other motivating approaches. The constraint can be reduced by ensuring the recruiting of producing graduates that will ensure more maximization of profits to cater for the salary costs. Additionally, establishing graduates with relevant qualities may also be a pending risk. The chance that the risk can be reduced by ensuring a vibrant recruiting panel that will identify specific qualities.

Qualitative research and quantitative research Essay

Qualitative research and quantitative research - Essay Example dentifies a subjective approach and applies strategies such as â€Å"case studies, personal experience, life story, interview, and observation† among other techniques (Neergaard and Ulhoi, 2007, p. 5). Quantitative research however defines a scientific approach to measurement and evaluation of relationships between variables. It involves a systematic and predetermined approach that develops hypothesis from background information on a topic of interest, collects data, and analyses data for evaluating the set hypothesis (Nykiel, 2007). Quantitative research is more valid than qualitative research and difference in characteristics of the two research methods support this. Level of objectivity of quantitative research than qualitative research methods establish higher-level validity on quantitative research than on qualitative research because qualitative research is subjective and therefore susceptible to bias from researchers and research participants. This is contrary to the scope of quantitative research whose data and data analysis methods are, significantly, independent of researchers and research participants’ influence. Quantitative research designs, such as experimental and quasi-experimental designs, also ensure accuracy of collected data towards validity. The deductive approach of quantitative research as compared to qualitative research’s inductive approach also supports higher-level validity in quantitative research (Hays and Singh,

Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Supply Chain Management - Essay Example The UN through the World Health Organization ensures that the malaria drugs reaches its intended destination by coordinating with the local governments to enable an efficient and effective supply chain that is less costly (Chopra & Meindl, 2007). A system is developed that assists in coordination between pharmaceutical manufacturers and procurement agents. The system ensures cost-effectiveness and transparency in the shipment, procurement and drugs delivery. The local government develops capacities including warehousing, distribution and delivery of the drugs to patients. So as to reduce the amount of inventory being held, the just in time (JIT) approach is used and it ensures problems do not come up because of managing large inventories. Inventory management is important in the reduction of the cost of running the supply chain. The malaria supply chain faces a number of challenges in its operation ranging from missing coordination, Inventory management, expiration of drugs due to delays and order management problems. The above mentioned operational challenges facing the supply chain are costly. So as to eliminate or reduce this cost, emphasis must on the implementation of a strategic cost management. It enables the carrying out of cost analysis techniques. The strategy should be focused at standardization of supplies, reduction of inventory, centralized purchasing, and labor automation (Turney,

Reality Television and Audience Interaction

Reality Television and Audience Interaction RESEARCH PROPOSAL How viewers interact and engage with reality shows through voting Research aim and significance This study examines voting – a feature of interaction and engagement of audience with reality television. The study aims to investigate which factors influencing on television viewers’ decision to vote and also provide an exploration on their psychological side which may be vital for understanding their interactive behaviors. In the context of greater interaction between the programs and its audiences has been stimulating by television producers, it is significant to research this interactive form of reality television that encourages deeper audience participation. The findings of this study offer view on multiple sides involving opportunies and challenges for broadcast media companies and digital platform partners to exploit audience participation for the purposes of profit and the strategic expansion to multi-platform formats. Literature Review and Theory Since the very first reality show launching in 1990, the reality genre has rapidly developed to become the most popular experience of television nowadays. A plethora of research has been undertaking in recent years to identify the origin of reality shows’ appeal which concentrated mainly on the psychological side such as the theory of human motivations called ‘16 basic desires’ which linking the most fundamental purposes of human life to aspirations with their attention to media conducted by Reiss and Wiltz (2004) or the element of mastery sense named ‘schadenfreude’ introduced by Hall (2006). More recent studies in the last decade have focused on the power relation between the media and their publics as a key factor contributing to the growth of the reality television around the world, based on the concept of ‘audience activity’ which illustrates the level of selection when people use media and the level of involvement with the content (Rubin, 1993). Unlike many traditional television programs that only focus on the content without paying attention on audience interaction, reality program really provide the audience a participatory mode in which they are invited to influence the program’s story (Godlewski Perse, 2010; Enli Ihlebà ¦k, 2011). In its most famous form (in such series as Big Brother, The X Factor, Idol and The Voice), reality television has been transformed into interactive cross-platform media experience, soliciting direct audience participation, by telephone and the use of interactive functions of digital technology (Charles, 2012). Gr iffen-Foley (2004) argued that all of these media outlets have sought to attend their consumers as ‘textual actors’ which boosted the perception of engagement and generate a ‘loyal community’ of audience. Among them, voting is assigned as a prominent and lucrative option of viewer feedback, particularly in talent-based reality shows (Enli Ihlebà ¦k, 2011). Godlewski and Perse (2010) developed the theory of audience activity to scrutinize the relationship between viewing motivations, recognition of the participants, ‘cognitive and emotional involvement’ before, during and after exposure to media content. The scholars discovered that, instead of according with the levels of cognitive and emotional involvement during exposure, reality television provides to the audiences new kinds of post-exposure activity and also opportunities for finding previously unavailable ‘additional gratifications’ through voting to affect the program’s result. Such interactivity creates involving experiences via the active control of the media. In addition, there is a higher level of psychological engagement relating to thinking about and spending attentiveness of viewers who vote to whom they chose to vote for. Interestingly, Nightingale and Dwyer (2006) took the form on a larger scope that examined wider cultural significance and the translation into national format. This means that in multicultural nations, the audience is more likely to compose members of various dispersive communities with different degrees of loyalty. As a result, while votes are asked for supporters, the result always represents on a national scale. Audiences pay money to protect and attract the focus on their local contestants and even on their hometowns and regions. This study does not merely to understand why audience lodging vote in reality television but also explore what portrays them in regards to motivations and interactive behaviors such as the differences between age, gender, culture, socio-economic background and psychological aspect for example the level of activeness. Through this program producers could understand the desires of audience for interacting with the content via voting. Methodology Based on similar case studies involving audience activity (Godlewski Perse 2010), I will conduct one-hour interviews with five people of various age, gender and socio-economic backgrounds who are reality shows’ audience and regularly vote for their favorite shows or contestants. These interviews allow participants to elaborate on given open-ended qualitative questions and to explore from their personal experience of interaction and engagement. Before the interview, a copy of the plain language statement will be given to the participants for reading and keeping. They will be also asked to sign and return the consent form to the researchers. The interview will be recorded and transcribed for the purposes of the research paper. In the first part of the interview, participants will be asked to mention the kind of reality genre they are more likely to watch and their voting frequency. In the remaining part, participants will be invited to show how they interact with their most-liked reality shows through voting, for example explaining why they vote and determining which factors affect their decision. The information gathered will be compared and contrasted, using arguments discussed above in order to provide an insight into television producers targeted at the capitalization of audience fancy to maximize the shows’ outcome in terms of both revenue and viewer loyalty. The plain language statement, consent form and interview questions are provided below in the appendix. [918 words] Bibliography Charles, A 2012, Interactivity: New Media, Politics and Society, Peter Lang Oxford, Oxford. Enli, GS Ihlebà ¦k, KA 2011, ‘Dancing with the audience: Administrating vote-ins in public and commercial broadcasting’, Media, Culture Society, 33(6), pp. 953-962. Godlewski, LR Perse, EM 2010, ‘Audience activity and reality television: Identification, Online Activity, and Satisfaction’, Communication Quarterly, May, pp. 148-169. Griffen-Foley, B 2004, ‘From Tit-Bits to Big Brother: A Century of Audience Participation in the Media’, Media Culture Society, vol. 26, no. 4, July, pp. 533-548. Hall, A 2006, ‘Viewers Perceptions of Reality Programs’, Communication Quarterly, vol. 54, issue 2, May, pp. 191-211. Hill, A 2007 , Reslyting Factual TV: Audiences and News, Documentary and Reality Genres, Taylor Francis, New York. Holmes, S 2004, ‘Reality Goes Pop!: Reality TV, Popular Music, and Narratives of Stardom in Pop Idol’, Television New Media, vol. 5, no.2, May, pp. 147-172. Holmes, S 2004, ‘‘But this time you choose!’: Approaching the ‘interactive’ audience in reality TV’, International Journal of Cultural Studies, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 213-231. Kajus, Y 2009, ‘Idolizing and Monetizing the Public: The Production of Celebrities and Fans, Representatives and Citizens in Reality TV’, International Journal of Communication, pp. 277-300. Nightingale, V Dwyer, T 2006 ‘The audience politics of ‘enhanced’ television formats’, International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, vol. 2, no.1, pp. 25-42 Papacharissi, Z Mendelson, AL 2007, ‘An exploratory study of reality appeal: Uses and Gratifications of reality TV shows’, Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media, vol. 51, issue 2, June, pp. 355-370. Reiss, S Wiltz, J 2004, ‘Why people watch Reality TV’, Media Psychology, vol. 6, issue 4, November, pp.363-378. Roscoe, J 2010, ‘Multi-Platform Event Television: Reconceptualizing our Relationship with Television’, The Communication Review, vol. 7, issue. 4, pp. 363-369. Ytreberg, Y 2009, ‘Extended liveness and eventfulness in multi-platform reality formats’, New Media Society, vol. 11, issue 4, pp. 1-19. Interview questions 1. What kinds of reality television do you often interact with through voting? + How many times do you vote for your favorite reality programs on average? 2. Are you member of a fanclub of any reality show’ or reality show’ contestant? + Do you mobilize your family/ relatives/ friends/ community to vote for your favorite contestants? 3. Which factors do you think will affect your decision for vote? + Are the contestants’ performance and the estimations of the judges important to you? + If your favorite contestant is facing elimination, do you try your best to keep he/she staying in the competion? 4. Do you think that voting is a symbol of audience democracy? + To what extent do you believe that audience can control the result of a reality show by voting? + Do you think the results reflect properly the audience desire? 5. How do you feel if the contestant that you voted for lose? + Do you often compare between your local contestants and contestants from other regions? 6. Do you think voting is the best way to interact and engage with your favorite reality shows? + Which other kinds of interction and engagement do you like? GRADUATE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES CONSENT FORM FOR PARTICIPANTS Project Title: Reality television and audience interaction – How viewers interact and engage with reality shows through voting Name of participant: Name of researcher: Truc Tuong Thi Lam 1.I consent to participate in this project, the details of which have been explained to me, and I have been provided with a written plain language statement to keep. 2. I understand that after I sign and return this consent form it will be retained by the researcher. 3.I understand that my participation will involve an interview and observation and I agree that the researcher may use the results as described in the plain language statement. 4.I acknowledge that: (a) the possible effects of participating in the interview and observation have been explained to my satisfaction; (b) I have been informed that I am free to withdraw from the project at any time without explanation or prejudice and to withdraw any unprocessed data I have provided; (c) the project is for the purpose of research; (d) I have been informed that the confidentiality of the information I provide will be safeguarded subject to any legal requirements; (e) I have been informed that with my consent the interview will be audio-taped and I understand that audio-tapes will be stored at University of Melbourne and will be destroyed after five years; (f) my name will be referred to by a pseudonym in any publications arising from the research; (g) I have been informed that a copy of the research findings will be forwarded to me, should I agree to this. I consent to this interview being audio-taped à ¢- ¡ yes à ¢- ¡ no (please tick) I wish to receive a copy of the summary project report on research finding à ¢- ¡ yes à ¢- ¡ no (please tick) Participant signature:Date: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES PLAIN LANGUAGE STATEMENT Project Title: Reality television and audience interaction – How viewers interact and engage with reality shows through voting Name of student: Truc Tuong Thi Lam Telephone: 0426 998 078 Email: [emailprotected] Name of lecturer: Dr. Esther Chin Telephone: (03) 8344 3411 Email: [emailprotected] Dear participant, I am a Master of Global Media Communication student at the University of Melbourne currently enrolled in the subject MECM40003 Researching Audiences and Reception. A major component of the subject assessment requires students to carry our research on media audiences such as yourself to understand reception and consumption patterns and to determine how audiences interpret and interact with media types. I will be carrying out open-ended interviews with participants approximately 45 minutes in length. Your honest responses are extremely important in giving validity to this study. With your permission, I will audiotape your responses for transcription and inclusion in my study. Interview responses will be analysed and included in a research report for submission at the end of the current semester. Date will be destroyed after being kept securely at the University of Melbourne for five years. Your responses and identity will be given a pseudonym in the research report and every effort will be made to ensure your confidentiality. As soon as the research report is returned after examination a copy will be made available to you upon request. This research project is being carried out with approval from the University of Melbourne’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC). If you have any concerns or further questions you may contact my lecturer (as above) and/or the Human Research Ethics Office: Executive Officer, Human Research Ethics, University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Telephone: (03) 8344 2073. If you would like to participate in this research please read and sign the accompanying consent form. Thank you. Yours sincerely, Truc Tuong Thi Lam

The High Enlightenment and the Low-Life of Literature Essay -- Literar

Today, as historians look at the enlightenment they look at it through the eyes of the great thinkers.â€Å"The philosophic spirit itself took refuge in the writings of some great men†(D’Alembert,7).They helped create knowledge in how it is viewed today. However, the question remians what is the category that these men fall into. There are many different names and definitions of what these men can be called and who qualifies to fit in this group. It is said that many of the men that were classified in the category were not actual philosopher thinkers that expanded the mind and challenged thought. In the essay â€Å"The High Enlightenment and the Low-Life of Literature† by Robert Darnton he discuses the status of these philosophes that were being produced during the High Enlightenment. He argues that â€Å"the summit view of eighteenth-century intellectual history has been described so often and so well that it might be useful to strike out in a new direction, t o try to get to the bottom of the Enlightenment, and try to penetrate into its underworld...from below†(Darnton,57). He decides to look at the status of the enlightenment thinkers during this time to see the social standing that they had and the influence upon the world around them, not from the overall philosophes. Not from their works that were produced or the social responses to them; from the actual men of letters themselves.Darnton criticizes other historians for having looked at the Enlightenment â€Å"only through the eyes of this elite and proposes that, instead, we examine it from the perspective of those who failed to break into this closed elite of ‘literary aristocrates’†(Who were the Philosophes, 44). Darnton discusses, in his essay, the stance of the men of letters during the ... ... impoverished. The members of Grub Street now needed the change that was happening in thought during the Early Enlightenment. â€Å"It would seem to be necessary, therefore, in looking for the connection between the Enlightenment and the Revolution, to examine the structure of the cultural world under the Old Regime, to descend from the heights of metaphysics and to enter Grub Street†(Darnton, 65). These ideas of the old Enlightenment were seeping down into the lower classes because of what was happening to the Men of Letters. These members needed a change. â€Å"[W]hile they grew fat in Voltaire’s church, the revolutionary spirit passed to the lean and hungry men of Grub Street, to the cultural pariahs who, through poverty and humiliation†(Darnton, 66). This is what was happening in France during the High Enlightenment that led down into the Revolution for further change.